When I first noticed this Beautiful Wood Nymph (Eudryas grata) on the clematis leaf, I was immediately struck by the image, but knew that there would be an exposure problem. There is at least an 8 stop contrast range from the white on the moth's "shoulders" to the dark purple of the clematis. Your eyes can "see" approximately a 20 stop range of contrast, but modern sensors can record perhaps 7 or 8 stops at best, barely better than film.
If the petals and leaves were properly exposed, the white areas on the moth would be totally "blown out" and over-exposed. If, on the other hand, I exposed for the white areas, the remainder of the image would be grossly underexposed.
Photoshop to the rescue! I made 2 exposures, one with the white areas of the moth exposed for maximum highlight detail, and the other, a more "normal" exposure, for the darker tones. Both images were then brought into Photoshop and a layer mask was used to combine the correctly exposed highlights of one photograph with the darker tones of the other. The resulting image demonstrated the tonal and contrast range of the original scene, which could not have been captured in a single image.
This is a relatively simple technique which I consider a "bread-and-butter" tool. It involves use of the histogram in the field and a layer mask in Photoshop.
So, your question of the day is, "Is this cheating?"
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